Artists achieve a textured, rough-hewn appearance in bronze sculptures through a combination of specialized techniques and materials. The process begins with the sculpting phase, where tools like chisels, rasps, and wire brushes are used to carve deep grooves and uneven surfaces into the clay or wax model. This texture is preserved during the lost-wax casting process, transferring the rough details to the final bronze piece.

After casting, artists often enhance the texture through patination—applying chemical solutions to oxidize the surface, creating varied colors and depths. Techniques like acid etching or sandblasting can further roughen the metal. Some sculptors even incorporate materials like sand or crushed stone into the mold to add granular texture.

The final step involves selective polishing, where raised areas are smoothed to contrast with the intentionally rough recesses, creating dynamic light play. This interplay of techniques results in the distinctive, time-worn aesthetic prized in rough-hewn bronze sculptures.