Artists employ a variety of techniques to simulate the natural aging and weathering of stone sculptures, giving them an antique or timeworn appearance. One common method is acid washing, where diluted acids like hydrochloric or nitric acid are applied to the surface to erode it unevenly, mimicking centuries of exposure to the elements. Sandblasting is another popular technique, using high-pressure air and abrasive materials to wear down edges and create a textured, weathered look.

Manual distressing involves tools like chisels, hammers, and wire brushes to chip, crack, or roughen the stone’s surface. Artists may also apply stains or pigments to simulate dirt, moss, or mineral deposits, enhancing the illusion of age. For a more organic effect, some sculptors bury the stone in damp soil or expose it to controlled outdoor conditions to accelerate natural weathering.

Advanced methods include using heat and cold cycles to induce micro-fractures or applying artificial patinas with chemicals like iron oxide or copper sulfate. These techniques, combined with artistic skill, allow modern sculptures to evoke the timeless beauty of ancient artifacts.