Artists masterfully transform rigid stone into seemingly fluid, dynamic forms through a combination of technical skill and perceptual tricks. One key technique involves carving figures in mid-action poses—a dancer's twirl or a runner's stride—where the body's natural momentum suggests continuation. The strategic use of asymmetrical balance further enhances this effect, with limbs or drapery extending outward to imply motion.

Texture plays a crucial role; rough surfaces contrast with polished areas to mimic wind-swept fabrics or rippling muscles. Optical illusions are amplified through precise angling—viewing the sculpture from specific vantage points reveals hidden kinetic energy. Ancient sculptors like Michelangelo exploited this by intentionally distorting proportions (e.g., elongated limbs) when works were meant to be seen from below.

Modern artists employ advanced methods such as helical compositions, where spiraling forms guide the eye in circular motion, or fragmented structures that imply transitional movement between solid and void. The psychological phenomenon of "perceptual completion" makes observers mentally animate static shapes—a principle used in abstract stone works. By studying human and natural motion patterns, sculptors embed rhythmic repetitions (like undulating folds) that trick the brain into seeing perpetual motion frozen in timeless stone.