Stone sculptures, as invaluable cultural artifacts, are constantly threatened by biological degradation caused by microorganisms, algae, lichens, and other organic growth. To preserve these historical treasures, several proven methods can be implemented.

1. Environmental Control: Reducing humidity and moisture around sculptures is critical, as damp conditions accelerate microbial growth. Proper drainage systems and sheltered display areas can significantly mitigate this risk.

2. Biocide Treatments: Applying eco-friendly biocides helps eliminate existing biological growth without damaging the stone. These treatments should be carefully selected to avoid chemical reactions with the sculpture's material.

3. Mechanical Cleaning: Gentle removal of organic matter using soft brushes or low-pressure water jets prevents further infestation while preserving the stone's surface integrity.

4. Protective Coatings: Transparent, breathable coatings can act as barriers against biological agents while allowing the stone to "breathe," reducing long-term damage.

5. Regular Monitoring: Implementing routine inspections enables early detection of biological growth, allowing for timely intervention before significant damage occurs.

By combining these strategies, conservators can effectively combat biological degradation, ensuring stone sculptures remain intact for future generations to appreciate. Each method should be tailored to the specific sculpture material and environmental conditions for optimal results.