Wood carvings, especially antique pieces, are vulnerable to water damage and insect infestations, which can compromise their structural integrity and aesthetic value. To effectively conserve these delicate artworks, follow these proven techniques:

1. Assessment and Documentation: Begin by thoroughly examining the carving to identify the extent of damage. Document cracks, warping, or insect holes to plan targeted restoration.

2. Drying Water-Damaged Wood: For water-damaged carvings, air-dry slowly in a controlled environment to prevent cracking. Avoid direct heat, which can warp the wood further. Silica gel packets can help absorb excess moisture.

3. Cleaning and Disinfection: Use soft brushes or microfiber cloths to remove dirt and mold. For insect-infested pieces, apply a mild disinfectant or freeze the carving (if small enough) to kill larvae and pests.

4. Consolidation and Repair: Strengthen weakened areas with wood consolidants like Paraloid B-72. Fill gaps with epoxy or wood putty, matching the original material as closely as possible.

5. Protective Finishes: Apply a protective wax or varnish to shield the carving from future humidity and pests. Avoid polyurethane, which can trap moisture.

6. Preventive Measures: Store carvings in stable humidity (40-60%) and inspect regularly for signs of pests. Use cedar blocks or natural repellents like lavender to deter insects.

By combining these techniques, you can restore and preserve wood carvings, ensuring their longevity for future generations. Always consult a professional conservator for severely damaged or historically significant pieces.