The longevity of an outdoor sculpture heavily depends on the type of stone used in its creation. Different stones react uniquely to environmental factors like rain, wind, and temperature fluctuations, making material selection crucial for durability.

Granite stands as the most resilient option for outdoor sculptures. Its dense crystalline structure resists water absorption, preventing freeze-thaw damage in cold climates. Famous granite monuments like Mount Rushmore demonstrate this stone's ability to withstand centuries of exposure.

Marble, while prized for its workability and luminous quality, proves less durable outdoors. Its calcium carbonate composition makes it vulnerable to acid rain and gradual erosion. The Parthenon Marbles' deterioration illustrates these vulnerabilities over time.

Sandstone and limestone offer intermediate durability. These sedimentary stones develop attractive patinas but require more frequent maintenance. Their layered structures make them prone to delamination in wet environments.

When selecting stone for outdoor sculpture, consider:

- Local climate conditions

- Expected maintenance frequency

- Desired aesthetic aging effects

- Structural load requirements

Proper installation techniques, including raised bases and protective sealants, can extend any stone sculpture's lifespan. Regular cleaning to prevent biological growth and timely repairs of hairline cracks also contribute significantly to preservation.

Ultimately, matching the stone's properties to the installation environment ensures the sculpture endures as both an artistic and historical artifact for generations.