Stone sculptures are timeless works of art, but they are vulnerable to surface spalling—a form of deterioration where flakes or layers of stone break away. Preventing this damage requires a combination of proactive measures and careful maintenance.

1. Apply Protective Coatings: Use breathable sealants or water-repellent coatings to shield the stone from moisture, a primary cause of spalling. Avoid non-breathable sealants that trap moisture inside.

2. Control Environmental Exposure: Limit exposure to extreme weather conditions, such as freezing temperatures or direct sunlight, which can accelerate spalling. Consider placing sculptures in sheltered areas or using protective covers.

3. Regular Cleaning: Gently remove dirt, pollutants, and biological growth (like algae) with soft brushes and pH-neutral cleaners. Harsh chemicals can erode the stone’s surface.

4. Monitor Humidity and Temperature: For indoor sculptures, maintain stable humidity levels (40–60%) to prevent moisture-related damage.

5. Professional Inspections: Schedule annual check-ups with conservation experts to detect early signs of spalling and address them before they worsen.

By implementing these strategies, you can significantly extend the lifespan of stone sculptures and preserve their beauty for generations.